NixOS

VPN to FRITZ!Box from Linux
Requirements 
 
 Packages: vpnc, network-manager-vpnc und network-manager-vpnc-gnome 
 MyFRITZ!-address of the FRITZ!Box: 
 Example : pi80ewgfi72d2os42.myfritz.net 
 Username of the FRITZ!Box-User: 
 Example : Max Mustermann 
 Password of the FRITZ!Box-User: 
 Example : geheim1234 
 Shared Secret of the FRITZ!Box-User: 
 Example : Zj7hPCouK65IrPU4 
 
 Preparations 
 Setup MyFRITZ! 
 Register FRITZ!Box at MyFRITZ! for a fixed MyFRITZ!-address. Guide in German 
 Adjust the IP-Network of the FRITZ!Box 
 Setup the IP-Address for conecting with the FRITZ!Box: 
 
 Click on "Heimnetz". 
 Click on "Heimnetzübersicht". 
 Click on "Netzwerkeinstellungen". 
 Click on "IPv4-Adressen". If not visible, you have to activate the extended view. 
 Enter the IP-Address. 
 Save the settings. 
 
 Setup the VPN-Connecttion in the FRITZ!Box 
 Create an own user for every VPN-Connection: 
 
 Click on "System in the FRITZ!Box. 
 Click on "FRITZ!Box-Benutzer". 
 Edit the prefered user (or create a new one), and setup the vpn connection:
 
 Click on "Benutzer hinzufügen". 
 Enter the username and the password. 
 
 
 Activate the option "VPN". 
 Save the settings. 
 
 Setuo the VPN-Connection on your device 
 
 Start Advanced Network Configuration. 
 Click on the plus symbol and select ""Cisco-kompatibler VPN-Client (vpnc)" aus. 
 Enter the wanted Name. 
 Enter the MyFritz!-Address field(pi80ewgfi72d2os42.myfritz.net) in the "Gateway". 
 Enter the FritzBox!-Username and -Password and select the option "Passwort nur für diesen Benutzer speichern". aus und tragen Sie dann das Kennwort des FRITZ!Box-Benutzers (geheim1234) ein. 
 nter the FritzBox!-Username also in the field "Gruppenname" and select the option "Passwort nur für diesen Benutzer speichern". 
 Enter the "Shared Secret" aus und tragen Sie dann das "Shared Secret". 
 Click on "Extended". 
 Enter "tun0" as "Tunnel-Schnittstellenname". 
 Save the settings. 
 
 Quelle 
 Tutorial VPN zur FritzBox einrichten

Install
We follow the UEFI part of the official Installation Guide: 
 NixOS Installation Guide . 
 Prepare Disk 
 Partitioning 
 Partition the storage using sudo fdisk /dev/sdb . In the interactive prompt partition the storage those settings: 
 
 
 g (gpt disk label) 
 
 n 
 
 
 1 (partition number [1/128]) 
 
 2048 first sector 
 
 +500M last sector (boot sector size) 
 
 t 
 
 
 1 (EFI System) 
 
 n 
 
 
 2 
 
 default (fill up partition) 
 default (fill up partition) 
 
 w (write) 
 
 Delete all Files on partitions with: 
 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 status=progress
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb2 bs=4096 status=progress
 
 Label partitions 
 Label the partitions using those commands: 
 sudo mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sda1
sudo fatlabel /dev/sda1 NIXBOOT
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2 -L NIXROOT
 
 Mount partitions 
 Mount the boot and root drives so we can access them and install NixOS: 
 sudo mount /dev/disk/by-label/NIXROOT /mnt
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/boot
sudo mount /dev/disk/by-label/NIXBOOT /mnt/boot
 
 Create swap file 
 sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/.swapfile bs=1024 count=2097152 # 2GB size
sudo chmod 600 /mnt/.swapfile
sudo mkswap /mnt/.swapfile
sudo swapon /mnt/.swapfile
 
 Install Nixos 
 Create NixOS config 
 Generate the config using sudo nixos-generate-config --root /mnt . 
 Then, edit the config using sudo vim /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix . 
 Here are some sections of the configuration you should add: 
 # Keyboard layout
 services.xserver.xkb.layout = "de";

 # Add a user!
 users.users.elias = {
 isNormalUser = true;
 extraGroups = [ "wheel" ]; # Sudo access
 };

 # Install an editor to edit the configuration
 environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [ vim ]; # or vim!
 
 To edit the hardware config, use sudo vim /mnt/etc/nixos/hardware-configuration.nix . 
 You can then update the file systems to use labels and add the swapfile. 
 fileSystems."/" =
 { device = "/dev/disk/by-label/NIXROOT";
 # ...
 };

 fileSystems."/boot" =
 { device = "/dev/disk/by-label/NIXBOOT";
 # ...
 };

 swapDevices = [{
 device = "/.swapfile";
 size = 2048; # 2GB
 }];
 
 Install 
 cd /mnt
sudo nixos-install
 
 Change password with passwd to a password that works on de and en keyboard layout. 
 Reboot into the installed NixOs. 
 Add those lines to the configuration.nix file: 
 nix.settings.experimental-features = ["nix-command" "flakes" ];

networking.hostName = "eliasDesktop"; #or eiasLaptop for other configs

environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
 vim
 git
];
 
 Rebuild the system with sudo nixos-rebuild switch and reboot to update the Hostname. 
 Copy the config repo with git clone https://github.com/4Lost/nixos-config and move it to /etc/nixos and rebuild with sudo nixos-rebuild switch . 
 Make the directory usable for push and pull: 
 sudo chown -R elias /etc/nixos